Discover peer-reviewed journal articles and reports that use ADR UK-funded flagship datasets. This collection is being expanded over time.
Displaying results 1 to 10 out of 28
Given the urgency of the transition to net-zero, there is a need for a robust evidence base to support an environmentally sustainable and equitable economy. Employing a linked administrative dataset and using both cross sectional and panel estimation techniques, this study examines employment opportunities and estimates the economic benefits of working in green occupations. Consistent with social role theory, the results indicate that individuals are more likely to work in green occupations if they are white, male, full-time, not represented by a collective agreement, and work for an SME or foreign owned business.
Dataset used: Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings linked to 2011 Census - England and Wales
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We first review research about income and earnings volatility and second provide new UK evidence about the latter using high-quality administrative record data. The USA stands out as a high-volatility country relative to the UK and other high-income countries, but volatility levels have remained constant in these countries recently. Almost all research has considered volatility from an annual perspective whereas we provide new evidence about month-to-month earnings volatility. There is a distinct within-year seasonal pattern to volatility, and volatility is highest for the top and bottom tenths of earners. High earnings volatility among top earners and its seasonality reflect pay bonus patterns whereas, for low earners, the instability of hours including zero-hours contracts likely plays important roles. Our findings have relevance to the design of cash transfer support in the UK because the monthly reference periods it uses do not align with many earners' pay periods.
Dataset used: Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings linked to PAYE and Self-Assessment data – England, Scotland and Wales
Increasing access to children’s social care data presents enormous potential for research and policy evaluation, with opportunities increased where data can be anonymously linked to other sources of information, such as health and education data. The purpose of this scoping review was to provide an overview of all UK data linkage studies that have used routinely collected individual-level children’s social care administrative data. Six research databases were searched and twenty-five studies were identified as meeting the inclusion criteria, with the majority (n = 18) based on English data. Complexities and the time-consuming nature of these studies are highlighted, as are issues with missing data and inconsistencies in recording information across local authorities, impacting on the linkage process. Increased access to such data, and improvements to data capture, could improve the utility of these valuable administrative data assets in the social care sector.
Dataset used: Looked After Children Dataset - Wales
The Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings (ASHE) is based on an annual 1% sample of employee jobs and provides many of the UK's official earnings statistics. These statistics are produced using official weights designed to make the achieved sample in each year representative of the population of employee jobs in Britain by gender, age, occupation and region. However, we show that jobs in small, young, private-sector organisations remain significantly under-represented after applying these weights. To address this issue, we develop new weights and demonstrate their importance through policy-relevant examples. Our new estimates suggest that the bite of the National Living Wage is greater than previously reported, and the gender pay gap is wider. We conclude that a new official review of the methodology for ASHE is merited to improve the accuracy and reliability of data informing earnings analysis and research in the United Kingdom.
In the examination of sentencing disparities, hypotheses related to social class have been relatively overlooked compared to explanations centered on offenders' ethnicity. This oversight is regrettable as both factors often intertwine. In this study, we investigate the mediating and moderating effects between offenders' residential area deprivation and their ethnic background using administrative data encompassing all offences processed through the England and Wales Crown Court. Our findings reveal the following: (i) substantial ethnic disparities among drug offenders, but mostly non-existent across other offence categories; (ii) area deprivation does not explain away the observed ethnic disparities, but pronounced area disparities are found for breach and assault offenses, wherein offenders living in deprived areas are penalized compared to their more affluent counterparts; and (iii) ethnicity and area deprivation interact, but only for breach offenses.
Dataset used: Data First: Cross-Justice System - England and Wales
A small but growing literature is exploring the later lifetime outcomes of initially high achieving young people from disadvantaged socio-economic backgrounds. These individuals have the potential to break through the glass ceiling and climb up the socio-economic ladder, though unfortunately many fail to achieve this goal. This paper presents new evidence on a selection of behavioural outcomes for this group, focusing on their attendance at and exclusions from school, along with cautions/sentences received for involvement in criminal activity. By using large-scale administrative data from multiple school cohorts in England, we can explore intersectionality between high-achievement, socio-economic background, gender and ethnicity in greater detail than prior research. We find substantial differences in absence rates throughout secondary school relative to their equally able but more socio-economically advantaged peers, with this a particular issue for those of White and Mixed ethnicity. On the other hand, exclusions from school and cautions/sentences are particularly elevated amongst high achieving disadvantaged boys – most prominently those from Black and Mixed-race backgrounds – and peak during Key Stage 4. We also find that differences in attendance, exclusions and cautions/sentences while at school can only partially explain socio-economic differences in the propensity to be cautioned or sentenced as an adult.
Dataset used: Ministry of Justice & Department for Education linked dataset - England
As scholars of alcohol and other drugs we should be concerned with the ongoing development of criminal justice policy and the narratives it reinforces about the nature of the relationship between substance use/intoxication and crime. Intoxication is one of the most prevalent features of offending before the courts. As such it is key to understand how courts respond to cases involving alcohol or other drug intoxication both in terms of how they operate and the sentences they dispense. This editorial on the topic of courts and sentencing covers issues of how intoxication is dealt with in sentencing, specialist substance use courts and court-enforced alcohol abstinence. Drawing primarily upon examples in the English and Welsh context and pointing to similar developments across the globe, it argues that, when considered together, these parallel developments represent a trend towards the punitive reinforcement of the abstinence ideal in criminal justice policy.
Children with neurodisability often have complex healthcare and educational needs. Evidence from linked administrative health and education data could improve joint working between services. We aimed to develop a diagnostic code list to identify neurodisability in hospital admission records; to assess the representativeness of this phenotype by characterising children with hospital-recorded neurodisability and their outcomes.
Dataset used: Education and Child Health Insights from Linked Data - England
We aimed to quantify differences in number and timing of first primary cleft lip and palate (CLP) repair procedures during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic (1 April 2020 to 31 March 2021; 2020/2021) compared with the preceding year (1 April 2019 to 31 March 2020; 2019/2021).
Using administrative data from the Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings linked to the 2011 Census of England and Wales, this paper explores the labour market performance of first-generation immigrants and compares it to that of UK-born employees. By focusing on various labour market outcomes and distinguishing immigrants based on their years of residence in the UK, the analysis reveals that more recent immigrants, on average, earn less, work longer hours, and are more likely to be employed in low-skilled occupations or temporary employment compared to observationally equivalent UK-born employees. However, the labour market performance of immigrants with ten or more years of residence in the UK is more comparable to that of their UK-born counterparts. These patterns are similar for males and females, but there is considerable heterogeneity in terms of ethnicity, country of birth, and reason for migration, as well as across the pay distribution.
